Stop motion and single frame advance are moving a still picture one frame at a time during pause. To view single frame advance place the VCR in the PAUSE mode (still mode or freeze frame) during playback. The tape can be moved forward one frame at a time while still in pause using the remote or a button on the VCR. Some models with this feature only do this going forward. Step motion (or Flash motion) is a feature that advances the still picture one direction or the other at a predetermined rate. To do this the VCR is first placed in PAUSE, and then select the desired speed the tape will travel. The most common are 1/20, 1/10, and 1/5 frames per second. The VCR will then pulse the still picture as single frames at the pre-selected speed in forward (some in reverse). Tracking sometimes needs to be adjusted to obtain the clearest picture during a step; some models have a separate adjustment knob or button just for this. Some units also have a special circuit that automatically finds the clearest picture during these pause modes. They do this by moving the capstan slightly to line up the picture's starting point. These models do not require a tracking adjustment during pause. Models with digital special effects display the step and freeze pictures as stored images rather than taking it directly from the tape in real time. ©Misterßetamax go to homepage