Here are all of the tape paths for the formats discussed. In each of the illustrations the pinch roller is shown as a black circle. The red arrows show the direction of tape travel through the machine during recording and playback. The black arrows show the insertion of the cassette. All machines accepted their cassettes from the front except for the Cartrivision where the loader opening faced towards the center. The unit was designed to be mounted vertically and the tape placed down into the loader. The V-Cord is shown turned 90 degrees clockwise to allow it to fit in the picture. No attempt has been made to maintain a size standard from one format to the other. To review any of the cassettes click on its format in the picture. There is one more page with a couple additional formats, click here. To return to the Tape History page click here.